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目的探讨钢铁企业中高温作业与高血压的相关性及危险因素。方法选取河北钢铁集团高温作业工人795名为观察组,非高温作业工人486名为对照组,均行血压水平测定,采用SPSS 19.0软件行统计学分析,比较两组血压差异,并分析高温作业工人高血压的危险因素。结果观察组高血压患病率高于对照组[39.5%vs 10.5%]。观察组舒张压、收缩压高于对照组[(88.5±6.1)mm Hg vs(80.2±4.8)mm Hg,(134.6±12.7)mm Hg vs(121.5±10.9)mm Hg]。随着高温作业分级的增加,高血压患病率、舒张压、收缩压呈明显增加态势(P<0.05)。高温作业工人中,与正常血压工人相比,高血压工人的年龄偏高、文化程度偏低、体重指数偏高、每日食盐摄入量偏高,多有高血压家族史、高血脂、饮酒、吸烟的人群(P<0.05)。高温与高血压呈明显正相关性(r=0.671,P=0.000)。结论钢铁企业中,高温作业与高血压的发生密切相关。年龄、文化程度、体重指数、高血压家族史、高血脂、饮酒、吸烟、每日食盐摄入量均是高温作业工人高血压危险因素。
Objective To explore the correlation between high-temperature operation and hypertension in iron and steel enterprises and risk factors. Methods A total of 795 high-temperature working workers in Hebei Iron and Steel Group were selected as observation group and 486 non-high temperature working workers as control group. All blood pressure levels were determined. SPSS 19.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Blood pressure differences were compared between the two groups. Hypertension risk factors. Results The prevalence of hypertension in observation group was higher than that in control group [39.5% vs 10.5%]. Diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group [(88.5 ± 6.1) mm Hg vs (80.2 ± 4.8) mm Hg, (134.6 ± 12.7) mm Hg vs (121.5 ± 10.9) mm Hg). The prevalence of hypertension, diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure increased significantly with the increase of high-temperature operation classification (P <0.05). Hyperthermia workers, compared with normal blood pressure workers, hypertension, high age, low education, high body mass index, high daily salt intake, and more family history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, alcohol consumption , Smokers (P <0.05). High temperature and hypertension showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.671, P = 0.000). Conclusion In iron and steel enterprises, high-temperature operation is closely related to the occurrence of hypertension. Age, education level, body mass index, family history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, alcohol consumption, smoking and daily salt intake were the risk factors for hypertension in working-class workers.