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目的了解河南省2004—2013年风疹的流行病学特征,为制定风疹的防治策略提供参考依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对河南省2004—2013年国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统中的风疹疫情资料进行分析。结果河南省2004—2013年共累计报告风疹病例14 468例,年平均发病率为1.53/10万;各省辖市均有病例报告,发病率高于全省平均水平的有郑州、许昌、焦作、平顶山、洛阳和三门峡6个省辖市;有明显的季节性,以每年的3—6月多发;83.99%的病例集中在<15岁人群,以学生最多,男女发病比为1.49:1。结论河南省风疹发病率处于较低水平,但15岁以下儿童和学生为主要发病人群,应提高中、小学生等重点人群风疹疫苗的接种率,加大风疹疫苗接种的宣传,并加强重点人群的疫情监测,制定切实可行的全省预防控制风疹的策略。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of rubella in Henan Province from 2004 to 2013 and provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of rubella. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic situation of rubella in the national disease surveillance information report management system from 2004 to 2013 in Henan Province. Results A total of 14 468 cases of rubella were reported from 2004 to 2013 in Henan Province, with an average annual incidence of 1.53 / 100 000. Cases were reported in all provincial cities. The incidence rates were higher in Zhengzhou, Xuchang, Jiaozuo, Pingdingshan, Luoyang and Sanmenxia 6 provinces; obvious seasonal, frequent in March-June each year; 83.99% of the cases concentrated in <15-year-old population, with the most students, male to female incidence ratio of 1.49: 1. Conclusion The incidence of rubella in Henan Province is relatively low. However, the children and students below 15 years old are the main disease groups. The rubella vaccination rate should be increased for key population such as primary and secondary school students, and the publicity of rubella vaccination should be strengthened. Epidemic monitoring, development of practical prevention and control of rubella in the province’s strategy.