论文部分内容阅读
本文总结我站几年来种植绿肥对改良盐土的效果,同时也对盐土上栽培、利用绿肥的几个问题,作初步讨论。在盐土棉田中种植与翻压绿肥,既可建立地面覆盖,抑制地表返盐,又可改善土壤结构,促进土壤脱盐,并可增加土壤有机质,提高土壤肥力。因此盐土棉田套种绿肥,随着土壤盐分的降低和肥力的提高,棉花产量可逐年增加。苏北几种绿肥苗期耐盐力大小的次序是:田菁>紫花苜蓿>光叶苕子=金花菜。为了达到全苗、壮苗,可根据土壤含盐量的多少,选种耐盐性不同的绿肥品种。盐渍土上绿肥保苗,除选用耐盐品种作先锋外,可采用综合措施,如趁雨播种、冲沟播种、深沟浅盖和盖草等措施。豆科与禾本科多种绿肥混播,不仅可增加鲜草产量,而且可增加后作产量。磷肥对绿肥有显著增产作用。翻耕绿肥要因地制宜。在中上等绿肥田,土壤盐分较轻,翻埋绿肥,不致引起土壤返盐,有利增产;在中下等绿肥田,土壤盐分较重,不宜翻埋绿肥,宜用刨盖力式,以免返盐。在输作中配置绿肥也要因地制宜。轻盐土,以蚕豆和豆麦、和草麦间作为宜;中盐土,可由绿肥棉花输作,过渡到棉、粮、绿肥输作;重盐土,可种双季绿肥。
This article summarizes the effects of planting green manure on improved saline soil in the past few years, and also makes some preliminary discussions on the problems of cultivation and utilization of green manure on saline soil. Planting and overturning green manure in saline soil can not only establish the ground cover, restrain the return of salt on the surface, but also improve the soil structure, promote soil desalination, increase soil organic matter and increase soil fertility. Therefore, saline soil cotton intercropping green manure, with the reduction of soil salinity and fertility, cotton production can be increased year by year. The order of the salt tolerance of several green manure seedlings in northern Jiangsu is: Sesbania> Alfalfa> Sesamia japonica = Grifola frondosa. In order to achieve full seedlings, strong seedlings, according to the amount of soil salinity, selection of different salt-tolerant green manure varieties. Green soil saponification soil seedlings, in addition to the selection of salt-tolerant species as a pioneer, the comprehensive measures can be used, such as seeding while planting ravines, furrow cover shallow cover and other measures. Legumes and grasses mixed with a variety of green manure, not only can increase the yield of fresh grass, but also increase the yield after. Phosphate fertilizers have a significant increase of green manure. Plowing green manure should be adapted to local conditions. In the upper green fertilizer field, soil salinity lighter, burying green manure, will not cause the soil salt return, favorable yield; in the middle and lower green manure, soil salinity heavier, should not be buried green manure, should be planing force, so as not to Back to salt. In the allocation of green manure should also be based on conditions. Light salt soil, with beans and beans and wheat, and grass as the inter-between; salt soil, can be transplanted by the green manure cotton, cotton, grain, green manure transition; heavy salt soil, can grow double green manure.