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从石榴根际土壤中分离获得一株生防细菌菌株Z2。根据16S rD NA、gyr A基因序列分析和特定基因的选择性扩增,结合形态学、生理与生化特性鉴定和Biolog检测,将生防菌株Z2鉴定为解淀粉芽胞杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)。通过单因素试验研究菌株的培养条件,并经过正交实验设计对培养条件进行优化,探究生防菌对Zythia versoniana引起的石榴干腐病的防治效果。生防菌株Z2的优化培养条件为:温度27℃,pH=6或8,LB培养基,培养时间3 d。采用新鲜离体石榴果实针刺接种方法进行菌株生防效力检测,与其他供试植物病原真菌相比,菌株Z2对石榴果实干腐病菌Z.versoniana具有较强的抑菌活性,对石榴果实干腐病的病斑抑制率达31.27%~81.89%。本研究获得的生防菌株Z2对石榴干腐病生物防治具有开发应用潜力,优化的培养条件可为该生防菌的产业化和大田应用奠定基础。另外,菌株Z2对植物病原真菌有较宽的抑菌谱,表明该菌株对其他作物病害的防治也具有潜在的应用价值。
A biocontrol bacterial strain Z2 was isolated from pomegranate rhizosphere soil. Based on 16S rDNA, gyr A gene sequence analysis and selective amplification of specific genes, the biocontrol strain Z2 was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens by morphological, physiological and biochemical characterization and Biolog assay. The culture conditions of the strains were studied by single factor experiments and the culture conditions were optimized by orthogonal experimental design to find out the prevention and cure effect of biocontrol bacteria on the dry rot of Zigu-pomegranate caused by Zythia versoniana. Biocontrol strains Z2 optimal culture conditions: temperature 27 ℃, pH = 6 or 8, LB medium, culture time 3 d. The biocontrol efficacy of fresh pomegranate fruit was studied by acacia needle inoculation method. Compared with other plant pathogenic fungi, strain Z2 had strong antibacterial activity against Z. versoniana, The inhibition rate of rot disease spots was 31.27% ~ 81.89%. The biocontrol strain Z2 obtained in this study has potential for development and application of biocontrol of dry rot of pomegranate. The optimized culture conditions may lay the foundation for industrialization and field application of the biocontrol bacteria. In addition, the strain Z2 has a broad spectrum of inhibitory activity against plant pathogenic fungi, indicating that the strain has potential application value for the prevention and treatment of other crop diseases.