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选取杭州市122名学前儿童(3~6岁)为被试,以点数比较任务及点数异同任务测量幼儿的近似数量系统敏锐度,以数数测验、基数测验、符号数字知识测验及简单计算来测量幼儿的符号数学能力,以此考察学前儿童近似数量系统敏锐度的发展及与符号数学能力的关系。结果发现:(1)随年龄增长,学前儿童的近似数量加工的敏锐度逐渐提高;(2)点数比较任务与点数异同任务均适合测量学前儿童近似数量系统敏锐度,但儿童完成点数比较任务的正确率要高于点数异同任务的正确率;(3)在抑制控制、短时记忆、工作记忆和言语测验成绩被控制后,根据点数比较任务计算的韦伯系数能显著预测学前儿童的基数和符号数字知识测验分数,总正确率能显著预测学前儿童的数数、基数、符号数字知识测验分数;(4)点数异同任务中只有点数不同试次下的正确率能显著预测学前儿童的符号数字知识测验分数。
A total of 122 pre-school children (3 to 6 years old) in Hangzhou were selected as the subjects to measure the approximate number of young children’s system acuity by the task of comparing the number of points with the similarities and differences of points. Using the number test, base test, symbolic number test and simple calculation To measure the mathematical abilities of young children in order to investigate the development of the system of acuity of the approximate number of preschool children and its relationship with the mathematical ability of symbols. The results showed that: (1) As the number of preschool children increased with age, the sensitivity of the processing of the approximate number of preschool children gradually increased; (2) The task of comparison of points and the task of similarities and differences in points were suitable for measuring the acuity of the approximate number of preschool children, The correct rate is higher than the correctness of the task of similarities and differences in points; (3) The Weber coefficient calculated according to the task of point comparison can significantly predict the base and symbol of preschool children after suppression control, short-term memory, working memory and speech test scores are controlled (4) The correct rate under different test points with different number of points can significantly predict the preschool children’s knowledge of the number of symbols and symbols. (4) The accuracy of number knowledge test scores and total correct rate can significantly predict the preschool children’s numbers, Test scores.