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目的:比较等量海水与淡水灌注对兔肺损伤程度的影响。方法:健康成年新西兰兔24只,随机分为3组(n=8):对照组、海水灌注组(经气管插管灌注配方海水2ml/kg,约5min灌注完)、淡水灌注组(同海水灌注组方法灌注淡水2ml/kg)。连续180min观察各组灌注前后呼吸频率、体循环参数、动脉血气和血清肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、IL-6的变化。实验终点处死动物,观察肺泡灌洗液细胞计数和分类、肺组织湿/干质量比、肺微血管通透指数、肺病理组织学等。结果:灌注后动物呼吸明显增快(P<0.01),体循环平均压下降(P<0.01),导致低氧血症及低碳酸血症,血清TNF-α、IL-6等炎症因子水平增高(P<0.01),肺组织病理损伤重,且海水组较淡水组变化显著且持久;海水组肺组织湿/干质量较其他两组增大、肺微血管通透指数较其他两组增高(P<0.05),支气管肺泡灌洗液中细胞数量较对照组增多(P<0.01),肺损伤程度明显重于淡水灌注组。结论:等剂量海水与淡水灌注比较,海水致兔的肺损伤程度重,病情发展快,病变更持久。
Objective: To compare the effects of equal volume of seawater and freshwater perfusion on the degree of lung injury in rabbits. Methods: Twenty-four healthy adult New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 8): control group, seawater perfusion group (2ml / kg seawater perfusion recipe via tracheal intubation, perfusion of about 5min), freshwater perfusion group Perfusion group method of perfusion freshwater 2ml / kg). The changes of respiratory rate, systemic circulation parameters, arterial blood gas, serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) The animals were sacrificed at the end of the experiment. The alveolar lavage fluid cell count and classification, lung wet / dry mass ratio, pulmonary microvascular permeability index, pulmonary histopathology and so on were observed. Results: After resuscitation, the respiration of animals significantly increased (P <0.01), mean systemic pressure decreased (P <0.01), leading to hypoxemia and hypocapnia, elevated levels of serum TNF-α, IL-6 and other inflammatory factors P <0.01). The pathological damage of lung tissue was heavy, and the change of seawater group was more significant and longer than that of fresh water group. The wet / dry weight of lung tissue of seawater group was higher than that of the other two groups, and the index of pulmonary capillary permeability was higher than the other two groups (P < 0.05). The number of cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid increased more than that in control group (P <0.01), and the degree of lung injury was significantly higher than that in fresh water perfusion group. Conclusion: Compared with the fresh water perfusion, the dose of seawater is heavier than that of the fresh water, and the condition of the lung is faster and the disease is longer.