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胡塞尔的终极辩护观没有引起学界的注意。辩护有两个要素,知觉和证据的转移。胡塞尔早在一百年前阐述了这两个要素。他认为,知觉是不充分决定的,我们的意向对象决定了我们的经验。胡塞尔的知觉理论超越了维特根斯坦。胡塞尔与维特根斯坦都深受詹姆斯(W.James)的影响。在他们的辩护观中,他们对反思平衡和生活世界的理解有许多相似之处,但他们在辩护的终极基础问题和生活世界有无确定性基础的问题上存有分歧。
Husserl’s ultimate defense concept did not attract the attention of the academic community. There are two elements of defense, the transfer of perception and evidence. Husserl elaborated on these two elements as early as one hundred years ago. He believes that perception is not fully determined, and that our object of intention determines our experience. Husserl’s theory of consciousness transcends Wittgenstein. Husserl and Wittgenstein are deeply influenced by W. James. In their view of defense, they share many similarities with the understanding of the balance of reflections and the world of life, but they disagree on the ultimate basis for the defense and the question of the existence of a certainty of the world of life.