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[目的]了解温州市某县城乡居民应对台风灾害的知识与技能的干预效果,探索相关健康教育工作思路和方法。[方法]采取多阶段随机抽样法,对温州市苍南县2个城镇及2个农村社区项目点的居民进行为期1年的台风灾害健康教育干预,并通过问卷调查评价干预前、后的效果。[结果]在开展干预活动后,居民防御台风灾害总体意识从干预前的74.96%提高到干预后的85.09%,应对台风灾害知识与技能总知晓率由干预前的73.94%提高到干预后的83.88%,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=76.45、317.63,P<0.01);其中,城镇居民的知晓率增加了4.58%,农村居民知晓率提升了15.15%,农村居民知晓率提高幅度高于城镇居民,干预前后差异均有统计学意义(χ2=32.84、379.23,P<0.01)。[结论]本次干预总体有效,农村社区的干预效果好于城镇社区,应继续深入开展有针对性的台风灾害健康教育与研究。
[Objective] To understand the intervention effects of typhoon disaster knowledge and skills for urban and rural residents in a county in Wenzhou City, and to explore relevant ideas and methods for health education. [Methods] A multi-stage random sampling method was adopted to implement a one-year typhoon disaster health education intervention for residents of 2 towns and 2 rural community project sites in Cangnan County, Wenzhou City, and questionnaires were used to evaluate the effects of the intervention before and after the intervention. [Results] After carrying out intervention activities, the overall awareness of residents against typhoon disasters increased from 74.96% before intervention to 85.09% after intervention. The total awareness of typhoon disaster knowledge and skills increased from 73.94% before intervention to 83.88 after intervention. %, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=76.45, 317.63, P<0.01); among them, the awareness rate of urban residents increased by 4.58%, the awareness rate of rural residents increased by 15.15%, and the awareness rate of rural residents increased more than that in urban areas. Residents had significant differences before and after intervention (χ2=32.84, 379.23, P<0.01). [Conclusion] The intervention was generally effective, and the intervention effect of rural communities was better than that of urban communities. Therefore, targeted typhoon disaster health education and research should be continued.