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土的化学加固经常需要借助细观试验手段评估加固材料带来的土原有的不同尺度层次微细观结构的改变,进而揭示加固机制和评估加固效果。本文设定未浸5%浓度K2Si O3溶液、浸1次烘干、浸3次烘干3种黏性土SEM样品,分别进行500倍50?m,1 000倍10?m和5 000倍5?m试验条件的SEM试验。经过对比分析试验图像唯象解析、灰度分割累积曲线和分布曲线、16个分区统计灰阶不同统计特征值(灰阶平均值、标准差和变异系数)的雷达图,图像中团块和片状结构边缘明显增加,累积曲线的变陡,分布曲线的抬高,变异系数雷达图的缩小和均匀化,均佐证了加固效果,综合认定:浸3次5%浓度K2Si O3溶液的加固方案最优,该方案下强化的不仅是土的团块结构,孔隙也部分充填,加固是全面的,均匀性较好,有利于整体性的发挥,尤其适用于文物保护;SEM试验条件设定在500倍50?m时,分区统计绘制的变异系数雷达图形状因子均随着浸次和放大倍数的增加而单调增加,有利于观察整体加固效果,观测到的是土的团块结构。SEM试验条件设定在5 000倍5?m时,分区统计绘制的变异系数雷达图形状因子均随着浸次和放大倍数的增加而单调减小,有利于观察填充效果,观测到的是土的片状结构;图像中蕴含的量化信息的统计特征值分析中平均值和标准差的表现稳定性和规律性没有变异系数好,建议图像量化分析中多使用变异系数。
Soil chemical strengthening often requires the use of meso-tests to evaluate the changes in the microscopic structure of the soil at different scales originally brought by the reinforcement material, revealing the reinforcement mechanism and evaluating the reinforcement effect. In this paper, the concentration of K2SiO3 solution was set at 5% concentration, immersed for 1 time and immersed for 3 times to dry the SEM samples of three kinds of clayey soils, 500 times 50μm, 1 000 times 10μm and 5 000 times 5 m test conditions SEM test. After comparative analysis of the phenomenological analysis of the test images, the cumulative curve and distribution curve of the grayscale segmentation, the radar charts of the 16 statistical statistics of the grayscale (average of grayscale, standard deviation and coefficient of variation) The edge of the structure increases obviously, the cumulative curve becomes steeper, the distribution curve rises, and the coefficient of variation of the radar chart shrinks and homogenizes, which reinforces the reinforcement effect. It is concluded that the solution of 3 times concentration of 5% K2SiO3 solution It is not only the clump structure of soil, but also the partial filling of pores, the reinforcement is comprehensive, the uniformity is better, which is conducive to the integrity of the play, especially for cultural relics protection; SEM test conditions set at 500 When 50 × m times, the shape factor of variation coefficient radar chart drawn by zoning statistics increases monotonously with the increase of immersion times and magnification, which is beneficial to observe the overall reinforcement effect. The observed clump structure of soil is observed. When the SEM test conditions are set at 5 000 times 5 μm, the shape factor of variation coefficient radar chart drawn by zoning statistics decreases monotonically with the increase of immersion times and magnification, which is beneficial to observe the filling effect. The observed soil Of the flaky structure; the image contains quantitative information in the statistical eigenvalue analysis of mean and standard deviation of the performance of the stability and regularity of the coefficient of variation is not good, we recommend the use of image quantitative analysis coefficient of variation.