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通过对胶州湾1936~2002年4期海图的地形对比和1986年、2007年2期Landsat-5TM影像的对比,分析了近70多年来胶州湾的冲淤灾害地质形势。根据胶州湾近百年来的沉积速率特征将其冲淤灾害形势划分为9类,结果表明:胶州湾在1936~1963年间总体呈现轻微淤积态势,但显浪—红岛连线以东区域(含沧口水道)以轻微侵蚀为主。与前期相比,胶州湾在1963~1982年间的淤积强度明显减弱,基本由轻微淤积转为冲淤平衡状态。该时期内沧口水道转为以较强淤积为主,大沽河水道和岛耳河水道处于大面积轻微侵蚀状态。胶州湾在1986~2007年间多数岸段向海显著淤长,岸线的平均淤进速率为101~102m/a;海床总体上呈轻微侵蚀状态。此外,根据对均衡态下潮汐汊道P-A关系的分析,胶州湾近70年来口门的潮流振幅和相应的等效摩阻系数都呈减小趋势,这表明胶州湾口门的不稳定性逐渐增加。
By comparing the topographic comparison of the 4th period from 1936 to 2002 in Jiaozhou Bay and the comparison of Landsat-5 TM images in 1986 and 2007, we analyzed the geologic situation of erosion and deposition in Jiaozhou Bay in the past 70 years. According to the sedimentation rate characteristics of Jiaozhou Bay nearly a century, the scouring and silting disasters are classified into nine types. The results show that the Jiaozhou Bay presents slight siltation in 1936 ~ 1963, Cangkou Channel) with a slight erosion of the main. Compared with the previous period, the siltation intensity of Jiaozhou Bay obviously weakened from 1963 to 1982, and basically changed from slight siltation to erosion and silting balance. During this period, the Cangkou Channel changed into a strong siltation, while the Dagu River Channel and the Shimane River Channel were slightly eroded in large areas. In 1986 and 2007, most of the coasts of Jiaozhou Bay were significantly silted to the sea, and the average silt-in rate of the coastline was 101 ~ 102m / a. The seabed was slightly eroded. In addition, based on the analysis of the PA relationship of tidal pools in an equilibrated state, the tidal current amplitude and the corresponding equivalent friction coefficient of the Jiaozhou Bay show a decreasing trend in the past 70 years, which shows that the instability of the Jiaozhou Bay is gradually increasing .