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目的了解长时间远航后对渔民免疫功能、营养状况的影响。方法检测32名赴北太平洋钓鱿鱼的渔民出海前后淋巴细胞亚群表达率、免疫球蛋白、补体、前白蛋白、白蛋白、血脂、血红蛋白、血清铁、转铁蛋白水平。结果细胞免疫功能除CD19表达率航后明显高于航前,差异有统计学意义(P＜0．01)外,其余指标均无明显差异；免疫球蛋白IgG、IgA、补体C4、B因子及血清白蛋白、前白蛋白、转铁蛋白水平航后明显高于航前,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0．01)；高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇水平航后高于航前,差异有统计学意义(P＜0．05)；APOB-100、血清铁航后低于航前,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0．01)。结论远洋渔民机体体液免疫存在明显变化；营养状况良好,但存在亚临床缺铁状态。
Objective To understand the effects of prolonged voyage on the immune function and nutritional status of fishermen. Methods The expression of lymphocyte subsets, immunoglobulin, complement, prealbumin, albumin, serum lipids, hemoglobin, serum iron and transferrin in 32 fishermen who went fishing in the North Pacific Ocean were measured before and after going to sea. Results The immune function of the cells was not significantly different except for the expression of CD19 after the voyage, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Immunoglobulin IgG, IgA, complement C4, factor B and Serum albumin, prealbumin and transferrin levels were significantly higher than those before flight, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.01); high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were higher after flight than before flight, the difference was Statistical significance (P <0.05). The APOB-100 level in serum was lower than that in pre-flight, but the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion There are obvious changes in humoral immunity in long-distance fishermen. The nutritional status is good, but subclinical iron deficiency exists.