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1996～ 1998年对干旱荒漠地区梨树覆盖秸秆后的节水效应研究表明 :覆秸秆后能从整体上提高 0～ 6 0 cm土层土壤含水率 1.8%～ 3.6 % ,提高最大幅度出现在该区旱季 ,此时覆盖树土壤含水率为 10 .3%～ 13.6 % ,而对照已处轻中度水分亏缺状态。根系因此生长加速 ,总根量增加 6 6～ 88条 / m2 ,树体水分状况得到相应改善 ,发育枝的含水率与水势分别提高 0 .87%～ 1.33%和 0 .2 6～ 0 .35 MPa;叶片含水率与水势分别提高 1.2 8%～ 2 .0 7%和0 .31～ 0 .4 2 MPa;叶绿素含量增加 19.4 % ,光合速率提高 18.1%。果实生长加速 ,果实纵径和横径平均日生长量增加 0 .0 7mm和 0 .0 5 8mm,果实纵径快速生长期延长 15 d左右 ,单果质量增加 17～ 2 4 g,在覆秸秆树挂果数不超过对照树 12 %时 ,均可增大果实体积
The research on water saving effect of pear straw covering straw in arid desert area from 1996 to 1998 showed that the soil water content of 0 ~ 600cm soil layer increased 1.8% ~ 3.6% In the dry season, the soil moisture content of the mulching trees was between 10.3% and 13.6%, while the control had been in a mild to moderate water deficit condition. The growth of roots accelerated, the total root volume increased 6 6 ~ 88 / m2, the tree water condition was improved accordingly, the developmental branch water content and water potential increased by 0.87% -1.33% and 0.226-0.35 MPa; leaf water content and water potential increased by 1.2 8% ~ 2.07% and 0.31 ~ 0.42 MPa respectively; chlorophyll content increased by 19.4% and photosynthetic rate increased by 18.1%. The fruit growth accelerated, the average daily growth of longitudinal and transverse diameter of fruit increased by 0.07 mm and 0.0508 mm, the rapid growth of fruit was accelerated by about 15 days, and the quality of single fruit increased by 17-2 4 g. The number of fruit hanging no more than 12% of the control tree, can increase the fruit size