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结直肠癌是一种常见的恶性肿瘤,早期治疗能提高其生存率,通过筛查能早期发现并治疗结直肠癌。粪便隐血试验、乙状结肠镜、结肠镜和结肠气钡双重造影是筛查结直肠癌的主要手段。目前结直肠镜检查是“金指标”,但检查的起始年龄和检查间期多久尚无统一认识。如CT结肠成像(虚拟结肠镜)、粪便DNA检测、粪便中特异基因的RT-PCR检测均已有报道。新的简便高效筛查方法及如何提高筛查率尚有待深入研究。
Colorectal cancer is a common malignant tumor, early treatment can improve its survival rate, early detection and treatment of colorectal cancer through screening. Stool occult blood test, sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy and colon barium double contrast is the main means of screening for colorectal cancer. Currently colonoscopy is the “gold index,” but the starting age of the examination and the duration of the test there is no uniform understanding. Such as CT colonography (virtual colonoscopy), stool DNA testing, stool specific gene RT-PCR detection have been reported. The new simple and efficient screening methods and how to improve the screening rate remains to be further studied.