一、前言 在岩溶地区,由于地下水的长期溶蚀,以及地下水流对岩溶碎屑的搬运,使得岩层裂隙和溶洞多被泥质物以不同程度充填。另外,由于岩溶地层的渗流通道发达,岩层中大都存在丰富的地下承压水,这些为地下开掘中的突水突泥提供了发生条件。大量的突水突泥给矿藏开采和隧道开掘造成了困难和极为恶劣的施工条件,在许多情况下,甚至成为工程进展难以逾越的障碍。 I. INTRODUCTION In the karst area, due to the long-term dissolution of groundwater and the handling of karst debris by the groundwater flow, the fissures and caverns of the rock formation are mostly filled with muddy materials to varying degrees. In addition, due to the developed seepage channels in karst formations, most of the rock formations are rich in underground confined water, which provides the conditions for water inrush and mud in underground excavation. A large number of water inrush and mud outbursts have caused difficulties and extremely harsh construction conditions for mining and tunnel excavation. In many cases, it has even become an obstacle to progress in engineering.