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为了寻找能敏感反映老年人机体功能状况的指标 ,采用美国耶鲁大学医学院EPESE研究课题中心提出的体能检测方法 ,对北京市城区和郊区 1986名 55岁及以上的人群进行了测试 ,并进行了为期 3年的纵向观察。研究发现 ,1986名老人 3年间死亡 168例 ,1992年调查时日常生活需要依赖者 3年死亡率最高 ( 18.4 % ) ,体能检查中功能减退者其次 (轻度减退者 5.2 % ,中度减退者 10 .5% ) ,体能检查无功能减退者死亡率最低 ( 3.4 % )。 1992年体能检查中功能有减退者 3年后发展为日常活动能力依赖者也大于当时功能未减退者。本结果进一步提示体能检查发现的下肢活动能力减退是老年人由健康转向日常生活依赖的中间阶段 ,是表明健康衰退老化的一项重要指标。
In order to find indicators that can sensitively reflect the functional status of the elderly, 1986 55-year-old and above population in Beijing urban and suburban areas were tested and tested using the physical fitness testing method proposed by the EPESE Research Center of Yale University Medical School. A three-year longitudinal observation. The study found that 1986 elderly people died during the three years of 168 cases. In 1992, the 3-year mortality rate was the highest among those who needed daily life (18.4 %), followed by those with functional impairment in physical examination (5.2% of those with mild decline, moderate reduction. 10.5%), and the lowest mortality rate was 3.4% for physical function tests. Those who had a decline in function in physical fitness in 1992 were dependent on daily activities for 3 years and those who were not functionally degraded at that time. This result further suggests that the decline in lower limb mobility seen from physical fitness tests is an intermediate stage in the transition from health to daily life, and is an important indicator of healthy aging decline.