In this article, I analyze theoretical trends, ethnographic fieldwork, and case studies in medical anthropology related to schistosomiasis control worldwide, highlighting useful examples for anthropologists and socio-behavioral scientists involved in schistosomiasis control in China. I begin by reviewing recent research developments and medical anthropological perspectives that have been applied in schistosomiasis control. Then, I dissect and examine three medical anthropological projects carried out in St. Lucia, Brazil, and Cameroon, with an emphasis on their methodology, fieldwork strategies, and theoretical implications for schistosomiasis control. I conclude that an integration of anthropology and related socio-behavioral sciences will consummate our broader understanding of schistosomiasis, and help to build community-centered, sustainable control of schistosomiasis. In this article, I analyze theoretical trends, ethnographic fieldwork, and case studies in medical anthropology related to schistosomiasis control worldwide, highlighting useful examples for anthropologists and socio-behavioral scientists involved in schistosomiasis control in China. I begin by reviewing recent research developments and medical anthropological perspectives that have been applied in schistosomiasis control. Then, I dissect and examine three medical anthropological projects carried out in St. Lucia, Brazil, and Cameroon, with an emphasis on their methodology, fieldwork strategies, and theoretical implications for schistosomiasis control. I conclude that an integration of anthropology and related socio-behavioral sciences will consummate our broader understanding of schistosomiasis, and help to build community-centered, sustainable control of schistosomiasis.