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目的 探讨曲茎石斛 (南阳居群 )与同属近似种 :细茎石斛 (南阳居群 )、霍山石斛 (霍山居群 )、铁皮石斛(天台居群 )药材鉴别的形态及DNA分子证据。方法 对曲茎石斛 (南阳居群 )及其近似种的药材进行了外部形态和rDNAITS序列比较。结果 曲茎石斛及其近似种药材的外部形态虽无明显区别 ,但在rDNAITS序列上却存在着显著而稳定的差异。曲茎石斛 (南阳居群 )与铁皮石斛 (天台居群 )的rDNAITS序列的差异最小 ,绝对遗传距离为 7;但与细茎石斛 (南阳居群 )及霍山石斛 (霍山居群 )rDNAITS区的差异较大 ,绝对遗传距离分别为 4 0和 4 2。在rDNAITS区域中 ,作者共挑选了 7个碱基位点用作鉴别曲茎石斛 (南阳居群 )及其近似种的DNA证据。结论 根据药材的形态特征及rDNAITS区碱基序列差异 ,可准确鉴别曲茎石斛及其近似种药材。
Objective To investigate the morphological and DNA molecular evidence of the identification of medicinal materials of Rhododendron sinica (Nanyang population) and the same genus: Dendrobium nobile (Nanyang population), Dendrobium huoshanense (Huoshan population) and Dendrobium candidum (Tiantai population). Methods The external morphology and rDNA ITS sequences of medicinal materials of Rhododendron sinica (Nanyang population) and its similar species were compared. Results There was no significant difference in the external morphology of Rhizoma diosgenus and its similar species, but there was a significant and stable difference in rDNAITS sequence. The difference in rDNAITS sequences between Dendrobium nobile (Nanyang population) and Dendrobium candidum (Tiantai population) was the smallest with an absolute genetic distance of 7; however, it was associated with the rDNA ITS region of Dendrobium nobile (Nanyang population) and Dendrobium huoshanense (Huoshan population). The differences are large, with absolute genetic distances of 4 0 and 4 2 respectively. In the rDNAITS region, the authors have selected a total of 7 base sites for DNA fingerprinting of Dendrobium nobile (Nanyang population) and its similar species. Conclusion According to the morphological characteristics of the medicinal materials and the differences in base sequence of the rDNAITS region, the Rhododendron communis and its similar medicinal materials can be accurately identified.