本文报告18例小儿肾病合并稀释性低钠血症的临床表现和诊治结果,其中16例血钠浓度在135～115mmol/L者主要表现为恶心、呕吐、不思饮食、精神差、乏力等,经限制进入量等治疗后恢复正常;2例血钠浓度低于115mmol/L者出现惊厥,经补高张盐水等治疗后1例好转,另1例神志未恢复。作者分析了小儿肾病合并稀释性低钠血症诸多原因,并指出早期诊断和及时处理甚为重要。 This article reports 18 cases of children with nephropathy with dilutional hyponatremia clinical manifestations and diagnosis and treatment results, of which 16 cases of serum sodium concentration of 135 ~ 115mmol / L were the main manifestations of nausea and vomiting, do not think diet, mental retardation, fatigue, etc., Restricted into the amount of treatment returned to normal; 2 cases of serum sodium concentration of less than 115mmol / L were convulsions, hypertonic saline and other treatment by 1 case improved, another case of consciousness did not recover. The authors analyzed many causes of childhood nephropathy with dilutional hyponatremia and pointed out that early diagnosis and timely treatment is very important.