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目的了解深圳市特种服务行业女性从业人员的艾滋病相关知识、态度和行为,为这一人群的艾滋病健康教育和行为干预提供科学依据。方法采用匿名自填问卷的方式,对深圳市388名美容美发、歌舞娱乐、桑拿浴室、按摩足浴等特种服务行业女性从业人员进行艾滋病相关知识、态度和行为的问卷调查。结果八成以上的被调查者了解艾滋病三大传播途径,但对于蚊虫叮咬、共用马桶、游泳池等一些非传播途径以及艾滋病病毒感染者与艾滋病患者有何不同等基本知识,有超过半数的人不能正确判断;大多数被调查者对艾滋病有恐惧感,防范意识不强;有相当一部分人对婚前性行为、多个性伴和婚外性行为持赞同、理解等宽容态度;部分人员承认曾有过性病、多性伴、商业性伴和临时性伴等与艾滋病传播有关的高危行为。结论特种服务行业女性从业人员对艾滋病的认知程度和防范意识有待提高,在公共场所从业人员中开展艾滋病预防知识的宣传教育是非常必要的,今后应把同伴教育、安全套的推广和艾滋病自愿咨询检测作为在该人群中开展行为干预工作的重点。
Objective To understand the AIDS related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of female employees in Shenzhen’s special service industry, and to provide scientific evidence for the AIDS health education and behavioral intervention of this group of people. Methods An anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted on AIDS related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of 388 beauty salons, song and dance entertainment, saunas, and massage foot baths. Results More than 80% of the respondents were aware of the three major transmission routes of AIDS, but more than half of them were unable to correctly understand the basic knowledge of mosquitoes, bites, shared toilets, swimming pools and other non-transmission routes, and the differences between HIV-infected people and AIDS patients. Judgment; Most of the respondents have fear of AIDS, and their awareness of prevention is not strong; a considerable number of people agree with the pre-marital sex, multiple sexual partners and extra-marital sexual behavior, understanding and other tolerant attitude; some people admitted to having sexually transmitted diseases High-risk behaviors related to HIV transmission, such as multiple sexual partners, commercial partners, and temporary sex partners. Conclusion The awareness of HIV/AIDS among women in the special service industry needs to be improved. It is necessary to promote the education of AIDS prevention among public employees. In the future, peer education, promotion of condoms and voluntary HIV counseling should be consulted. Testing is the focus of behavioral interventions in this population.