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所谓歧化反应是指同种元素的同一价态发生的氧化还原反应,氧化剂和还原剂可以是同一种物质,遵循“中间价→高价+低价”的歧化反应规律。归中反应是指同种元素的不同价态之间发生的氧化还原反应,氧化产物和还原产物可以是同一种物质,遵循“高价+低价→中间价”的归中反应规律。卤素属于典型的非金属元素,除了氟元素以外,卤素中的其他元素都较容易发生上述两种反应。这两种反应在试题中常以以下的几种形式出现。
The so-called disproportionation reaction refers to the same valence state of the same element redox reaction, oxidant and reductant can be the same substance, follow the “middle price → high price + low price” disproportionation reaction law. The normalization reaction refers to the redox reaction between different valence states of the same element. The oxidation product and the reduced product may be the same substance, and the law of normalization of “high price + low price → middle price” follows. Halogen is a typical non-metallic element, except for the fluorine element, the other elements in the halogen are more prone to the two reactions. These two reactions in the questions often appear in the following forms.