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目的对云南省德宏州瑞丽市傣族农村老人失能情况进行调查研究,为边疆地区评估老年人养老服务需求、规划养老事业发展提供有参考价值的建议与意见。方法运用多阶段随机整群抽样方法进行样本抽取,采用国际通用的老年人日常生活活动能力(ADL)标准化评定量表-Barthel指数,对瑞丽市12个村民小组的187名傣族农村老人(≥60岁)失能情况进行评定。结果傣族农村老人失能率点估计及其95%置信区间分别为:重度失能率为6.95%(6.02%,7.88%),中度失能率为4.28%(3.69%,4.87%),轻度失能率为77.01%(74.47%,79.54%),无失能率为11.76%(10.28%,13.25%),合并重度与中度失能即中重度的失能率为11.23%(9.80%,12.66%)。分年龄段的ADL比较,呈现出明显的趋势:随着年龄的增加,失能越严重(P<0.001);65岁前女性老人的失能状况比男性老人严重(P<0.01)。65岁及以上,失能状况的性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论本文在国内首次报道了瑞丽傣族农村老人的失能率情况估计及其95%置信区间,为评估民族地区老年人长期照护服务需求和养老事业发展规划决策提供依据。瑞丽傣族农村老人随着年龄的增长,其日常生活活动能力(ADL)逐渐下降,失能率随之升高。女性年幼老人(≥60岁,≤65岁)日常生活活动能力低于男性老人。瑞丽傣族农村老人的中重度失能状况低于全国平均水平。
Objective To investigate the disability of the elderly in Dai rural areas of Ruili City, Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province, and to provide suggestions and suggestions for the assessment of elder care service needs and planning of the development of the elderly in the border areas in Yunnan Province. Methods The sample was extracted by multistage random cluster sampling method. By using the internationally standardized Bartlett index of ADL standardization scale, 187 Dai rural residents (≥60 Year) disability assessment. Results The estimates of disability rate of the elderly in rural areas of Dai nationality and their 95% confidence intervals were as follows: severe disability rate was 6.95% (6.02%, 7.88%), moderate disability rate was 4.28% (3.69%, 4.87% (77.01%, 74.57%, 79.54%), and the rate of incapacitation was 11.76% (10.28%, 13.25%). The combined incapacitation rate was 11.23% (9.80%, 12.66%). ADL in different age groups showed a clear trend: the more severe the disability became with age (P <0.001); the female elderly before 65 years old had more severe disability than the male elders (P <0.01). There was no significant difference in gender between the age of 65 and above, with disability (P> 0.05). Conclusion This paper reports for the first time in the country an estimation of the disability rate of the elderly in rural Dai of Ruili and its 95% confidence interval, and provides the basis for evaluating the long-term care service needs and the planning and decision-making of the retirement career in the elderly in ethnic minority areas. With the increase of age, the elderly in Rui Dai rural areas gradually decline in ADL and disability rate increases. Female young adults (≥ 60 years old, ≤ 65 years old) activity of daily living is lower than the male elderly. The moderate-severe disability of the Dai rural elderly in Ruili is lower than the national average.