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人工鱼礁是21世纪中国兴起的渔业生态修复工程之一。在社会主义市场经济下,物品的特性及其经济特点决定了人工鱼礁产品、服务的多样性。本文以现代公共物品经济学分析了我国正在进行的人工鱼礁建设,初步分析认为人工鱼礁物品划分为公共性人工鱼礁、私人性人工鱼礁、俱乐部性人工鱼礁和拥挤性人工鱼礁等4类,其物品各自特性表征出的投资主体、决策程序、管理模式、经营方式和渔业修复功能等不同。本文在讨论分类人工鱼礁经济学基础上,初步提出当前我国人工鱼礁建设的5个建议:分类指导建设;区域规划先行;资源增殖为主;注意投入导向;规范建设程序。
Artificial reefs are one of the fishery ecological restoration projects that have emerged in China in the 21st century. Under the socialist market economy, the characteristics of goods and their economic characteristics determine the diversity of artificial reef products and services. This paper analyzes the ongoing construction of artificial reefs in China based on modern public goods economics. According to the preliminary analysis, artificial reefs are divided into public artificial reefs, private artificial reefs, clubs artificial reefs and crowded artificial reefs And other four categories, the characteristics of their goods are characterized by the investment subject, decision-making process, management mode, mode of operation and fisheries restoration and so on. Based on the classification of artificial reef economics, this paper initially proposed five suggestions for the construction of artificial reefs in China at present: classification and guidance construction; regional planning precedence; resource proliferation mainly; paying attention to investment orientation; and standardizing construction procedures.