研究了锚杆在软岩隧道施工过程中不同部位锚杆荷载传递和动态调控过程。施工初期主要依靠拱部锚杆来促进拱效应形成,最大轴力先升高而后逐渐降低,中性点向围岩深部移动,形成动态“压力拱”现象,建议客运专线软岩大断面隧道拱部只需打设短锚杆或注浆可有效促进拱效应形成,控制隧道围岩稳定性。 The bolt load transfer and dynamic control process of rock bolt in different parts during the construction of soft rock tunnel are studied. In the early stage of construction, the arch bolt was mainly used to promote the arch effect. The maximum axial force first increased and then decreased gradually. The neutral point moved to the deep part of the surrounding rock to form a dynamic “pressure arch.” It is suggested that the large soft- Only need to set a short anchor bolt or grouting tunnel arch Department can effectively promote the formation of arch effect, control the stability of surrounding rock tunnel.