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要由层析图谱去揭示某个物质的化学成分并给以定性的说明,必须根据层析条件以及在层析图谱上所表现的理化性质等各方面进行综合的分析。例如:可由某一色斑的比移值(R_f值),联系层析的具体条件来观察该成分的极性大小与溶解度;由某一色斑的理化特性,如有无萤光、可与何种试剂发生反应以及反应后的呈色变化与萤光改变,来推断该成分所具有的功能基团。如为中草药还要考虑到这个样品的科属来源(因为同科属植物内所含的化学成分
To reveal the chemical composition of a substance from the chromatogram and give a qualitative explanation, it must be comprehensively analyzed according to the chromatographic conditions and the physicochemical properties represented on the chromatogram. For example, the specific shift condition (R_f value) of a certain stain can be used to observe the polarity of the component and the solubility of the component. The physicochemical properties of a certain stain, such as the presence or absence of fluorescence, can be observed. Which reagent reacts with the change in coloration and fluorescence after the reaction to infer the functional groups that the component has. If it is a Chinese herbal medicine, the source of the sample should also be taken into account (because of the chemical composition contained in the same genus.)