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BACKGROUND: The incidence of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH) has been increasing during the recent years in low- and middle-income countries. With high mortality and morbidity rates, it brings huge burden to the families. It lacks evidence regarding the application of intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring in HICH. In the current study, the authors aimed to evaluate whether ICP monitoring could make any difference on the prognosis of HICH patients after minimally invasive surgery.METHODS: A retrospective review of 116 HICH patients admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, between 2014 and 2016, was performed. The effects of ICP monitoring on 6-month mortality and favorable outcomes were evaluated by univariate and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: ICP monitors were inserted into 50 patients. Patients with ICP monitoring had a signifi cantly better outcome (P<0.05). The average in-hospital duration in patients with ICP monitoring was shorter than that in the patients without ICP monitoring (16.68 days vs. 20.47 days, P<0.05). Mortality rates between ICP monitoring and no ICP monitoring did not differ significantly (16.0％ vs. 15.1％, P=0.901). On univariate analysis, age, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) on admission and presence of ICP monitor were independent predictors of 6-month favorable outcomes. CONCLUSION: ICP monitoring is associated with a better 6-month functional outcome compared with no ICP monitoring. Future study is still needed to confi rm our results and elucidate which subgroup of HICH patients will benefi t most from the minimally invasive surgical intervention and ICP monitoring.