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目的应用Delphi法初步确定电网员工的职业健康风险评价指标体系,为筛选高风险亚人群和制定有针对性的防控措施提供科学依据。方法在文献分析及专家研讨会的基础上,构建“电网员工职业健康风险评价指标体系”雏形,在全省遴选19位职业健康风险评估专家,采用Delphi法进行2轮专家咨询,采用百分权重法计算一、二级指标的相对权重,建立评估指标体系。结果共对19名专家进行了2轮咨询,2轮咨询的专家积极系数均为100%,专家的权威系数平均为0.85。最终确立电网员工的职业健康风险评价指标体系包括5项一级指标和25项二级指标,5项一级指标分别为粉尘因素、物理因素、化学因素、行为因素和防护手段,权重系数分别为0.253 8、0.148 2、0.185 4、0.258 9、0.153 7。结论采用Delphi法初步建立的电网员工职业健康风险评估体系较为全面,可信度较高,可用于实证研究以进一步检验与完善。
Objective To determine the occupational health risk assessment index system for grid employees by Delphi method and provide a scientific basis for screening high-risk sub-populations and developing targeted prevention and control measures. Methods Based on the literature analysis and expert seminars, we constructed the prototype of “Occupational Health Risk Assessment Indicator System for Power Grid Employees”, selected 19 occupational health risk assessment experts in the province, adopted Delphi method for 2 rounds of expert consultation, Sub-weighted method to calculate the relative weight of the first and second indicators, the establishment of evaluation index system. The results of a total of 19 experts conducted two rounds of consultation, two rounds of counseling experts are 100% positive coefficient, the average coefficient of experts’ authority is 0.85. Finally, the indicator system of occupational health risk assessment for power grid employees was established, which included 5 first-level indicators and 25 second-level indicators. The five first-level indicators were dust factor, physical factor, chemical factor, behavioral factor and protective measure respectively. The weight coefficients were 0.253 8,0.148 2,0.185 4,0.258 9,0.153 7. Conclusion The risk assessment system of occupational health risks in power grids initially established by Delphi method is more comprehensive and credible. It can be used in empirical research to further test and improve it.