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通过在我国浓香型典型产区连年设置移栽期试验,研究了调整移栽期对不同产区烟叶各生长发育阶段气候指标和风格品质的影响以及气候指标与烟叶质量特色的关系。结果表明,(1)南方烟区(华南、赣中和皖南)随移栽期推迟烟叶成熟期温度及烟叶浓香型显示度、烟气沉溢度等逐渐增加;北方烟区(豫中、陕南、鲁东)成熟期温度和浓香型显示度随移栽期推迟显著下降。(2)成熟期日均气温与浓香型显示度、烟气沉溢度和烟气浓度呈极显著正相关关系,24.5℃是浓香型烟叶形成的一个重要气候指标。(3)南方烟区焦甜香较为显著,豫中豫南焦香明显,陕南正甜香相对突出且随移栽期推迟表现更甚。旺长期及成熟期的降雨量与烟叶焦甜香韵呈极显著正相关,旺长期和成熟期的光照时数与焦香香韵相关性较高,成熟期日均温度与烟叶正甜香韵呈极显著负相关。(4)各产区烟叶质量特征随移栽期变化明显,最佳移栽期南方烟区广东南雄和江西广昌为3月上中旬,皖南为3月下旬,北方烟区为4月下旬至5月初。
The effects of transplanting period on climatic index and style quality of tobacco leaves in different growing areas and the relationship between climatic index and quality characteristics of tobacco leaf were studied by setting transplanting test in successive years in China. The results showed that: (1) The temperature in the maturity stage of tobacco leaves and the concentration of the fragrant tobacco were gradually postponed with the transplanting date in the southern tobacco area (South China, Central Jiangxi and Wannan) Southern Shaanxi, Ludong) maturity temperature and Luzhou-type display with the postponed significantly decreased. (2) There is a significant positive correlation between the daily average air temperature and the aroma-type display, flue gas sink-off and flue gas concentration at maturity, and 24.5 ℃ is an important climatic index for the formation of Luzhou-flavor tobacco. (3) The sweet-scented coke in the southern tobacco-growing area was more obvious, the jiaozhong in Henan and Henan were obvious, the sweet-scented osmanthus in southern Shaanxi was relatively prominent, and the performance was even delayed with the transplanting. There was a significant positive correlation between the rainfall in sweet and long-term and maturity and the sweet-scented rhyme of tobacco leaves. The correlation between the number of hours of illumination and the fragrance of charroxidylate was higher in the long-term and mature phases, and the average daily temperature in maturity was significantly Negative correlation. (4) The quality characteristics of tobacco leaves in different producing areas changed obviously with the transplanting period. The best transplanting period was Nanxiong Guangdong and Guangchang of Jiangxi in the middle of March, the southern part of Anhui was in late March and the northern part of the tobacco growing area was in late April Early May.