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五四运动时期,西方文明开始大量侵入中国。这使传统孝道文化受到了强烈地冲击。以陈独秀、吴虞、鲁迅等为代表的激进知识分子主要集中在四个方面来对传统孝道进行批判。批判家族本位主义;批判吃人的礼教;批判忠孝合一。他们重点对“移孝作忠,忠孝合一”进行批判。此时的批判使得人们对中华民族文化结构进行了深刻地反思,对解放人们的思想起到了巨大作用。在新文化运动时期,一批自由主义的思想家多次对传统孝道展开尖锐的批判。这成为传统孝道摆脱其内存在多年的封建特质并准备转向新型孝道文化发展的一个起点。新中国成立后,人们对待传统孝文化的态度发生了很大的变化。但是,一个历史悠久的伟大民族的精神重建需要一个漫长的历程。而人们在对于传统孝道文化的认识以及重建过程中也出现了一些曲折与反复。
During the May 4th Movement, Western civilization started to invade China in large quantities. This has strongly impacted the traditional culture of filial piety. The radical intellectuals represented by Chen Duxiu, Wu Yu and Lu Xun focus on four aspects to criticize traditional filial piety. Critique of family-based doctrine; Criticism of eating and drinking ethics; Critical unity of loyalty and filial piety. They focus on “shifting loyalty, loyalty and filial piety” to criticize. The criticism at this time made people profoundly reflect on the cultural structure of the Chinese nation and played a huge role in liberating people’s thinking. During the New Culture Movement, a group of liberal thinkers repeatedly criticized traditional filial piety. This has become a starting point for the traditional filial piety to get rid of the feudal traits of its memory for many years and prepare to turn to the development of a new type of filial piety culture. After the founding of New China, people’s attitudes towards traditional filial piety have undergone great changes. However, the spiritual reconstruction of a great nation with a long history needs a long history. However, people also experienced some twists and turns in their cognition and reconstruction of traditional filial piety culture.