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比较类试题是以两种或两种以上的地理事物、现象或区域作为命题对象,经过比较回答各种地理事物、现象或区域之间的共同点和不同点,从试题上看,可以为选择题也可以为综合题,主要考查学生对地理事物、原理和规律的理解深度、广度和准确度,通过横向或纵向比较,考查学生对比较方法的掌握程度。解答时,首先要对各个独立的现象及区域进行分析归纳和概括,寻找出它们的共性与个性;其次要根据试题要求比较的内容,结合所学地理知识,运用对比、综合等思维方式,进行分析,得出结论。现用表格举例一组对比题,如表1。
The comparative questions are two or more geographical things, phenomena, or regions as proposition objects. After comparing and answering common points and differences between various geographical things, phenomena or regions, from the perspective of the questions, they can be selected. The questions can also be comprehensive questions, which mainly examine the depth, breadth, and accuracy of students’ understanding of geographical things, principles, and laws, and examine students’ mastery of comparative methods through horizontal or vertical comparisons. When answering, it is necessary to first analyze and summarize the individual phenomena and regions to find out their commonness and individuality; secondly, according to the contents of the questions asked for and compare with the knowledge of the geography, use comparative and comprehensive thinking methods. Analyze and draw conclusions. The current table uses a set of comparative questions as shown in Table 1.