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有关干细胞的研究最早起始于20世纪60年代,得益于生物医学实验技术的进步,干细胞的研究取得了众多突破,早已成为生物医学领域研究的热点之一。其中成体干细胞是一类存在于发育成熟机体组织中的具有高度自我更新和增殖潜能的未分化细胞,它们能够进行自我复制和特异分化,至少产生一种高度分化的子代细胞,并在细胞的生长和分化过程中具有主导作用,用于维持组织器官的新陈代谢、生长与凋亡的动态平衡,并可以参与创伤修复。
Researches on stem cells originated in the 1960s. Thanks to advances in biomedical experimental techniques, numerous breakthroughs have been made in stem cell research, which has long been one of the hot topics in the field of biomedicine. Among them, adult stem cells are a class of undifferentiated cells with a high degree of self-renewal and proliferation potential present in mature body tissues that are capable of self-replication and differentiation, producing at least one highly differentiated progeny, Growth and differentiation play a leading role in maintaining the dynamic balance of tissue metabolism, growth and apoptosis, and can participate in wound repair.