改革理论是改革实践的重要指导。在国际社会主义运动发展史上,邓小平和戈尔巴乔夫都提出和论证过“改革是革命”的命题,然而,中国的改革取得了举世公认的巨大成功,前苏联的改革则偏离了社会主义道路。究其原因,在于邓小平与戈尔巴乔夫的改革理论存在诸多不同。探讨这些区别,对于正确理解邓小平的改革理论,完整把握我国改革的性质,科学总结改革开放的基本经验,具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。 Reform theory is an important guide to reform and practice. In the history of the development of the international socialist movement, both Deng Xiaoping and Gorbachev proposed and argued that “reform is a revolution.” However, China’s reform achieved tremendous success universally acknowledged and the reform in the former Soviet Union deviated Socialist road. The reason is that there are many differences between Deng Xiaoping and Gorbachev’s reform theory. To explore these differences is of great theoretical and practical value for correctly understanding Deng Xiaoping’s reform theory, for completely grasping the nature of our country’s reform and for scientifically summing up the basic experience of reform and opening up.