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为解决新疆大面积棉花连作田培肥地力问题,于1996～1998 年采用小区定位试验方法,研究了棉籽饼、棉茎秆及与氮磷化肥配施,了解其培肥效果, 以期解决维持和提高连作棉田土壤肥力的办法。结果表明:连续施用棉籽饼+ 棉茎秆+ 氮磷化肥配施能增加土壤有机质、全氮、全磷含量,提高土壤中有效态氮磷钾的供应强度, 尤其是土壤速效磷提高较快,应注意调整氮磷比值;单施氮磷化肥,可以较快增加土壤速效磷含量,有效态氮含量在短期内却难以提高, 还会使土壤速效钾每年以8 m g/kg～9 m g/kg 的速度递减,应补施化学钾肥;连续施用棉籽饼、棉茎秆及化肥配施对土壤酶活性、土壤容重、饱和含水量、总孔隙度等物理性质也有良好的改善和提高作用。
In order to solve the problem of soil fertility of large-area cotton plantations in Xinjiang, from 1996 to 1998, we studied the cottonseed cake, cotton stalk and fertilizer application with nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers to study the effect of fertilization, Methods of Improving Soil Fertility in Continuous Cropping Cotton Field. The results showed that continuous application of cottonseed cake + cotton stem + nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers could increase soil organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus content and increase available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium supply intensity in soil, especially soil available phosphorus increased rapidly, Should pay attention to adjust the ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus; single application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer, can quickly increase the content of available phosphorus in soil, available nitrogen content in the short term is difficult to improve, but also so that soil available potassium 8 mg / kg ~ 9 mg / kg The rate of decline should be supplemented with chemical potash; continuous application of cottonseed cake, cotton stalks and chemical fertilizer on soil enzyme activity, soil bulk density, saturated water content, total porosity and other physical properties also have a good improvement and improvement.