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实际的光源都有一定的大小,发出的光波都有一定的光谱宽度,因此都不是理想单色点光源,这就影响到干涉条纹的可见度。习惯上将光源大小对干涉条纹可见度的影响叫做空间相干性。光源的单色性对干涉条纹可见度的影响叫做时间相干性。光源的时间相干性和空间相干性概念在现代光学技术中具有重要的实际意义。例如对各种精密计量用的干涉仪,选择适当频谱和线度的光源是保证测量工作顺利进行的必要条件。在激光技术中,更是经常遇到相干性的问题,在设计全息摄影装置时,首先就要考虑到光源的相干性,否则实验常归于失败。现就光源的空间相干性加以讨论。
The actual light source has a certain size, the light waves emitted have a certain spectral width, and therefore are not ideal monochromatic light sources, which affects the visibility of interference fringes. The impact of light source size on the visibility of interference fringe is conventionally called spatial coherence. The monochromatic nature of the light source affects the visibility of the interference fringes called temporal coherence. The concept of temporal coherence and spatial coherence of light sources is of great practical importance in modern optics. For example, for a variety of precision measurement of the interferometer, select the appropriate spectrum and linear light source is to ensure the smooth progress of measurement necessary conditions. In the laser technology, it is more often encountered coherence problems in the design of holographic devices, we must first consider the coherence of the light source, otherwise the experiment often attributed to the failure. Now discuss the spatial coherence of the light source.