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目的总结急性毒鼠强中毒的临床特征及预后。方法观察153例急性毒鼠强中毒患者的临床症状、体征、脑电图改变,及其预后。结果 153例急性毒鼠强中毒患者主要表现为恶心呕吐(95.4%)、头昏头痛(88.2%)、抽搐(85.6%)、意识障碍(60.7%)、脑电图异常(71.2%)。随访一年,153例急性毒鼠强中毒患者死亡42例(27.5%),其中轻、中、重度中毒组的死亡率分别是0.0%、6.1%、58.2%,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01)。111例(71.9%)存活患者中98例完全康复,13例有轻中度中枢神经系统后遗症。结论虽然急性毒鼠强中毒死亡率高,但是存活患者多数预后佳。
Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics and prognosis of acute tetramine poisoning. Methods 153 cases of acute tetramine poisoning in patients with clinical symptoms, signs, EEG changes, and its prognosis. Results 153 cases of acute tetramine poisoning mainly showed nausea and vomiting (95.4%), dizzy headache (88.2%), convulsion (85.6%), disturbance of consciousness (60.7%) and abnormal EEG (71.2%). One year after follow-up, 153 cases of acute tetramine poisoning patients died of 42 cases (27.5%), of which the mortality rate was 0.0%, 6.1%, 58.2% in mild, moderate and severe poisoning group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). Of 111 survivors (71.9%), 98 were fully recovered and 13 had mild to moderate central nervous system sequelae. Conclusions Although acute tetramine poisoning has a high mortality rate, most patients with survival have a good prognosis.