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日本经济自2002年开始复苏,但复苏的国际环境充满不确定性,同时内部经济仍面临结构性困境。日本从20世纪80年代初起为了减少国家财政赤字而实施的新自由主义政策持续地遭遇失败,未偿公债不减反增,而政府每年的公共支出又很难降下来,加上日本向老龄化社会的快速转化使得福利政策的总体预算很难削减,以致国家财政危机不断加深。另外,劳动者工作条件和社会生活条件的恶化以及人口下降的威胁,使得新自由主义在其框架内难以解决日本面临的结构性问题,因而有必要对于马克思关于资本主义的学说进行再思考。
Japan’s economy started to recover since 2002, but the international environment for recovery is full of uncertainty while the domestic economy is still facing structural difficulties. The neoliberal policies Japan has implemented since the early 1980s to reduce its national fiscal deficits have continued to fail. The outstanding debts have risen steadily and the annual public spending of the government has been hard to come down. In addition, The rapid transformation of the society makes it difficult to reduce the overall budget of the welfare policy so that the national financial crisis is deepening. In addition, the deteriorating working conditions and social living conditions of laborers and the threat of population decline make it difficult for neo-liberalism to solve the structural problems Japan faces within its framework. Therefore, it is necessary to rethink Marx’s theory of capitalism.