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多金属硫化物是海底热液活动的主要产物,以其富含铜、锌、铅、金和银等贵金属元素成为一种潜在的海底矿产资源,备受关注.2007年以来,中国大洋调查航次在西南印度洋脊开展了4个航次共8个航段的海底热液活动调查,发现了8处热液区.在此基础上,中国大洋矿产资源研究开发协会与国际海底管理局签署了西南印度洋脊1×104 km2的多金属硫化物勘探合同.系统介绍了中国在西南印度洋脊海底热液活动调查中(2007~2010年)发现的热液区(点)分布,并初步分析了典型热液区的地质特征.基于此,提出将来西南印度洋脊硫化物勘探中应注重开展西南印度洋脊多金属硫化物控矿因素、非活动/埋藏型硫化物找矿方法、海底多金属硫化物资源评价方法等方面的研究,亟需加快建立热液区尺度的近底硫化物勘探技术体系.
Polymetallic sulphides are the main products of seabed hydrothermal activities, and have attracted much attention as their potential seabed mineral resources due to their rich content of copper, zinc, lead, gold, silver and other precious metals. Since 2007, China Ocean Survey voyage In the southwestern Indian Ocean Ridge, a survey of seabed hydrothermal activity for 8 voyages of 4 voyages was carried out, and 8 hydrothermal zones were discovered. On the basis of this, China Ocean Mineral Resources Research and Development Association and the International Seabed Authority signed the Southwest Indian Ocean Polymetallic sulphide exploration contract with a ridge of 1 × 104 km2.The hydrothermal region (point) distributions discovered by China during the investigation of hydrothermal activities in the southwestern Indian Ocean Ridge from 2007 to 2010 were systematically introduced, and the typical hydrothermal Therefore, it is suggested that in the future exploration of ridges in the Southwestern Indian Ocean should be focused on the ore-controlling factors of polymetallic sulphide in the Southwestern Indian Ridge, the methods of prospecting for inactive / burial sulphides, the assessment methods of seabed polymetallic sulphides resources And other aspects of research, it is urgent to speed up the establishment of hydrothermal zone near-bottom sulfide exploration technology system.