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目的探讨综合康复护理对脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者吞咽功能及营养状况的影响。方法按随机数字表法将80例脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者分为观察组和对照组,各40例。两组均进行常规药物治疗,对照组进行常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上再实施综合康复护理,干预前及干预后2个月,参照洼田饮水试验进行吞咽功能评分,采用全自动生化分析法检测血清白蛋白(ALB)、血红蛋白(Hb)、转铁蛋白(TF)、总蛋白(TP),采用免疫比浊法检测血清体液免疫指标(Ig A、Ig G、Ig M)。采用SPSS 19.0统计软件计量资料用均数±标准差(xˉ±s)表示,采用t检验,计数资料用率(%)表示,采用χ2检验,P<0.05表示差异有统计学意义。结果观察组和对照组干预后2个月吞咽功能评分、ALB、Hb、TF、TP、Ig A、Ig G、Ig M均较治疗前明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);观察组干预后2个月吞咽功能评分、ALB、Hb、TF、TP、Ig A、Ig G、Ig M均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论综合康复护理能改善脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者吞咽功能及营养状况。
Objective To investigate the effect of comprehensive rehabilitation nursing on swallowing function and nutritional status in patients with swallowing dysfunction after stroke. Methods Eighty patients with post-stroke dysphagia were divided into observation group and control group according to random number table method, 40 cases in each group. The two groups were treated with conventional drugs, the control group for routine care, the observation group in the control group based on the implementation of comprehensive rehabilitation care, intervention and intervention two months later, with reference to Kubota drinking water test swallowing function score, automatic Serum albumin (ALB), hemoglobin (Hb), transferrin (TF) and total protein (TP) were detected by biochemical analysis. Serum humoral immunity indexes (Ig A, Ig G, Ig M) were detected by immunoturbidimetry. Using SPSS 19.0 statistical software measurement data with mean ± standard deviation (x ˉ ± s) said, using t test, count data with the rate (%) that the use of χ2 test, P <0.05 said the difference was statistically significant. Results The swallowing function scores of ALB, Hb, TF, TP, Ig A, Ig G and Ig M in observation group and control group were significantly higher than those before treatment (P <0.05) The scores of swallowing function, ALB, Hb, TF, TP, Ig A, Ig G and Ig M in the observation group at 2 months after intervention were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P <0.05). Conclusion Comprehensive rehabilitation nursing can improve swallowing function and nutritional status of patients with dysphagia after stroke.