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忠诚义务在国际上被认为是劳动者最基本的义务,与用人单位的照顾义务相对应,在本质上属于附随义务,存在着身份要素、债的要素和诚实信用原则三方面的法理基础。忠诚义务可分为作为义务和不作为义务,包括保密义务、竞业限制、告知义务等,其边界的确定,需考虑劳资义务对等、公益与私益平衡、忠诚义务与其他义务关系。当劳动者违反忠诚义务,适用法律解释和推理、道德标准等规则,用人单位可采用多元、综合的救济路径。
The obligation of loyalty is regarded as the most basic obligation of laborers in the world. Corresponding to the duty of care of employers, the loyalty obligation is essentially an incidental obligation. There are three legal principles of identity element, debt element and principle of good faith. Loyalty obligations can be divided into obligations as obligations and omissions, including confidentiality obligations, non-competition restrictions, disclosure obligations, the determination of the border, the need to consider the balance of labor and capital obligations, public and private interests balance, loyalty obligations and other obligations. When laborers violate their loyalty obligations and apply the rules of legal interpretation and reasoning and moral standards, employers may adopt a pluralistic and comprehensive remedial route.