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云南光叶桑、钦州长果桑在形态分类学上均属同一桑种Morus macroura。通过PCR扩增2份地方品种资源材料的ITS序列并分析序列差异及构建系统进化树,阐明各自在桑属中的遗传分化关系。2份材料的ITS序列长度均为576 bp,其中:云南光叶桑的G+C含量为59.90%,碱基序列45位A变G,560位T变G,与昆明奶桑(Morus macroura)、荥经川桑(Morus notabilis)、云南毛叶奶桑(Morus macroura var.mawa)、云南长穗桑(Morus wittiorum)、云南奶桑(Morus macroura)、雅安华桑(Morus cathayana)同在第Ⅰ类群,有较近的亲缘关系;钦州长果桑的G+C含量为59.72%,碱基序列45位为A,560位T变G,与云南华桑(Morus cathayana)同在第Ⅱ类群,有较近的亲缘关系。应用松散分子钟方法估算云南光叶桑与荥经川桑、雅安华桑、云南长穗桑的分化时间为8.23 Ma,钦州长果桑与云南华桑的分化时间为9.67 Ma,二者起源的地质年代是新第三纪中新世与上新世之交,是为了抵御地球寒冷、旱化,向南、向山地迁移形成的物种。
Yunnan Guangye Sang, Qinzhou long fruit mulberry morphological taxonomy are the same mulberry Morus macroura. The ITS sequences of 2 local cultivars were amplified by PCR and the sequence differences were analyzed. The phylogenetic tree was constructed and their genetic differentiation in Morus was clarified. The length of ITS sequences of the two materials were 576 bp, of which G + C content was 59.90%, A at position 45, G at position 560, and Morus macroura at position 560, , Morus notabilis, Morus macroura var. Mawa, Morus wittiorum, Morus macroura, Morus cathayana, Group Ⅰ, which had a relatively close genetic relationship. The content of G + C was 59.72% in Qinzhou, 45% in A and 560% in G, which was the same as that in Morus cathayana , Have a closer relationship. Using the method of loose molecular clock, the differentiation time of Chuan sang, Ya’an Hua Sang and Yunnong long cusp were 8.23 Ma and 9.67 Ma respectively, Geochronology is a transition between Neogene and Pliocene in the Neogene. It is designed to resist the cold, dry, southward and mountainous migration of the earth.