从上世纪80年代开始,随着耐药结核病(尤其是耐多药结核病)发病率的不断上升以及结核病与AIDS病的相互结合,结核病疫情再度上升,成为全球重大公共卫生问题和社会问题。WHO于1996年推出的耐药结核病治疗指南明确把氟喹诺酮类药物作为二线抗结核病药物,与其他抗结核药物联合使用治疗耐多药结核病以及对不能耐受一线抗结核药物的患者使用。但由于伦理学等原因,这类药物同传统抗结核药物一样也无法进行单药的现代临床试验,因此,其抗结核作用的基础研究在指导临床医师合理用药等方面显得尤为重要。本文从氟喹诺酮单独使用及其与其他抗结核药物联合使用时对细胞外和巨噬细胞内分枝杆菌的体外活性方面比较全面地评价了这类药物的抗结核作用。 Since the 1980s, with the rising incidence of drug-resistant TB (especially MDR-TB) and the combination of tuberculosis and AIDS, the tuberculosis epidemic has risen again and become a major public health and social issue worldwide. The Guide to Treatment of DR-TB in 1996, published by the WHO in 1996, clearly identifies fluoroquinolones as second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs, in combination with other anti-TB drugs to treat MDR-TB, and in patients who can not tolerate first-line anti-TB drugs. However, due to ethics and other reasons, such drugs as traditional anti-TB drugs can not be as single-drug modern clinical trials, therefore, its basic research on anti-TB role in guiding clinicians and other aspects of rational drug use is particularly important. This article evaluates the antituberculous effects of these drugs in vitro from the point of view of the in vitro activity of fluoroquinolones alone and in combination with other anti-TB drugs on extracellular and macrophage mycobacteria.