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西昆仑山位于青藏高原西北部,地势起伏大,气候干旱严寒.为了解其多年冻土分布状况,以219国道大红柳滩到奇台达坂之间的沿线区域作为西昆仑山典型区,以野外冻土钻探、坑探、物探为主要调查手段,综合分析该区域多年冻土分布的下界.对现场调查数据的初步分析表明,该区域多年冻土阳坡下界在海拔4 800m,阴坡下界在海拔4 650m,东西坡下界在海拔4 700m.依据上述冻土下界的分布规律,以数字高程模型为基础,通过ArcGIS软件建立了西昆仑山典型区的多年冻土分布模型,实现了对研究区域多年冻土分布的模拟.对该区域的研究结果表明:典型区内多年冻土的分布面积为3 136.3km2,占区域总面积的89.4%.结果与青藏高原冻土图在该区域的截图相比,多年冻土的面积略有增加.对比分析模拟图和截图后发现,基于实际调查的多年冻土模拟分布图更准确的描述了河谷的融区,而截图的多年冻土分布界限较为粗糙,缩小了喀喇喀什河支沟融区,人为放大了219国道大红柳滩到奇台达坂之间的宽谷融区.
The west Kunlun Mountains is located in the northwestern part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with great ups and downs and arid and cold climate. To understand the distribution of permafrost, the area along the route from Dahongliuitan Beach to National Highway 219 to Qitai Daban is designated as the typical area of the Western Kunlun Mountains. In the field, permafrost drilling, pit exploration and geophysical exploration are the main means of investigation, and the lower bound of permafrost distribution in this area is analyzed comprehensively.The preliminary analysis of field survey data shows that the lower permafrost slope in the region is at an altitude of 4 800m, At an elevation of 4 650m, the lower bound of east-west slope is 4 700m above sea level.According to the distribution of the lower bound of permafrost and based on the digital elevation model, the distribution model of permafrost in the typical area of West Kunlun Mountains is established by ArcGIS software, The results show that the permafrost distribution area in the typical area is 3 136.3km 2, accounting for 89.4% of the total area of the area.Results Compared with the images of permafrost in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Compared with the permafrost area increased slightly.Comparing the simulation diagram and screenshots found that based on the actual survey of the permafrost simulation map more accurately describes the valley’s melting zone, and screenshots Of the permafrost distribution of the relatively rough boundaries, narrowing the Karakashi branch and ditch financial district, artificially enlarged 219 State Road Dahongliuoda to Qitai Daban wide Gu Rong area.