铁道车辆由于靠钢制车轮在轨道上运行,滚动阻力小,相比于汽车及其他交通运输系统,是一种节能的交通工具。但是,另一方面,牵引运行及制动之类的加、减速运行性能受车轮与钢轨间黏着力的影响很大。尤其在黏着力低的雨雪天时,施加制动易产生滑行现象,车轮踏面上产生平面擦伤,如果在这种状态下运行,有时会产生显著的振动、噪声问题。这种黏着性能与车轮踏面的表面粗糙度有密切关系。此外,车轮在钢轨上滚动时,车轮踏面轻微的波 Rail vehicles, which run on rails on steel wheels, have low rolling resistance and are an energy-efficient means of transport compared to automobiles and other transportation systems. However, on the other hand, the acceleration and deceleration performance such as traction operation and braking are greatly affected by the adhesion between the wheel and the rail. Especially in the rain and snow with low adhesion, it is easy to generate a slippery phenomenon by applying a brake and a flat scratch occurs on the tread of a wheel. In this state, significant vibration and noise problems sometimes occur. This adhesion and wheel tread surface roughness are closely related. In addition, when the wheel rolling on the rail, the wheel tread a slight wave