《高中地理》教材下册第171页指出:“城市的形成和发展是社会经济、文化发展的结果。”构成城市物质形态的方面很多,通常以功能性质和经济实力作为构成城市形态的主要因素,而对文化的重要作用认识不足。其实,传统文化深刻影响到城市形态与格局,从某种意义上说,城市的物质形态构成是历史文化的限定和结晶。例如,我国古代长安城,布局严谨、封闭,堪称东方古代城市的典型,欧洲奥古斯都时代的古罗马城,则布局松散、开放,是西方古代城市的典型代表。两座城市都是当时历史上的都城,是政治、文化中心和军事堡垒,从功能上看比较接近,但从形 “High School geography,” the second volume of the textbook on page 171 pointed out: “The formation and development of the city is the result of socio-economic and cultural development. ” The composition of the physical aspects of the city are many, usually functional and economic strength as a form of urban form Main factor, but lack of understanding of the important role of culture. In fact, the traditional culture profoundly affects the urban morphology and pattern. In a sense, the composition of the urban physical form is the limitation and crystallization of the historical culture. For example, the ancient city of Chang’an in our country has a well-structured and closed layout, which is a typical example of the ancient oriental city. The ancient Roman city of Augustus in Europe was loosely laid out and open. It is a typical representative of ancient cities in the West. Both cities were both capital cities in history at that time, and they were political and cultural centers and military fortresses. They were relatively close in function but were shaped like