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自由是洛克政治学说的主题。为保有自由,他的主要论证是,没有法律就没有自由。基于一套天赋而不可取消的个人权利的确立,法律针对无限制的专制权力,最终以有限政府的建立而树立起法律的权威。然而,由于逻辑结构上的缺陷,洛克所承认的政府特权不可避免地导致法律的权威出现空洞。于是,自由便面临着类似重返缺乏共同明文法的自然状态的危险。
Freedom is the theme of Locke’s political theory. For the sake of freedom, his main argument is that there is no law without freedom. The establishment of individual rights based on a set of gifts that can not be abolished, the law aiming at unlimited and authoritarian powers, and finally establishing the authority of law with the establishment of limited government. However, because of the logical structural defects, Locke’s recognition of government privileges inevitably leads to the empty authority of the law. Thus, freedom faces the danger of returning to a natural state that lacks the common plaintext.