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交通变迁是城市兴衰演化的重要动力。近代以来,中国江海交通因轮船运输兴起而发生显著变化,对城市发展产生深刻影响。一是轮船交通的兴起推动了沿海、沿江诸多港口城市迅速发展,江海城市体系逐渐成形;二是轮运航线的拓展与变化对一些港口城市造成巨大影响,部分城市兴衰起伏;三是轮运航线的开辟还改变了原有南北交通的基本格局,许多传统交通重镇因此而陷入衰落。因轮船运输兴起而引发的城市兴衰是中国城市早期现代化转型的重要内容,为近代中国形成新的城市体系奠定了基础。
Traffic changes are an important driving force behind the rise and fall of the city. In modern times, China’s Jianghai traffic has experienced significant changes due to the rise of shipping, which has a profound impact on urban development. First, the rise of shipping traffic promoted the rapid development of many port cities along the coast and along the Yangtze River, and the gradual formation of the Jianghai city system; secondly, the expansion and change of the shipping routes caused great influence on some port cities and the ups and downs of some cities; third, The opening up also changed the basic pattern of the original north-south traffic, so many traditional traffic centers fell into decline. The rise and fall of cities caused by the rise of shipping is an important part of the early modernization of China’s cities and laid the foundation for the formation of a new urban system in modern China.