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哲学对世界的认识实际上是人对自己的认识,即通过对世界的认识来理解人自身的存在及其活动的性质、意义和价值。也可以说,哲学怎样理解世界,同样就会怎样理解人本身,亦将以同样的方式理解惟有人才有的自由。本文从理论哲学和实践哲学两种不同的思维范式,审视了思想史上对待人的两种不同的理论态度,认为实践哲学思维范式代替理论哲学思维范式的同时,关于自由理念的思考进路也发生了转换,是人的实际生活过程成为思考自由理念的出发点,而不是具有神秘色彩的世界理性、客观理性,也不是源自抽象的孤立的个人的主观理性。
Philosophical understanding of the world is actually a human understanding of their own, that is, through the understanding of the world to understand the existence of people and their nature, meaning and value. It can also be said that philosophy how to understand the world, the same will be how to understand people themselves, will also be the same way to understand the freedom of only people. This paper examines two different theoretical attitudes towards people in the history of thought from the two different modes of thinking of theoretical philosophy and practical philosophy. It holds that the paradigm of practical philosophy replaces the paradigm of theoretical philosophy and the thinking path of the concept of freedom also occurs The conversion is the starting point of the actual life process of people becoming the idea of freedom of thought, not the mysterious world rationality and objective rationality, nor the isolated and individual subjective rationality of the abstract.