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在法律规范的层面,民事强制执行程序存在着平衡生存权与债权关系的三层结构。这种正反合的制衡关系,既能够保障被执行人及其所扶养家属的基本生存权,同时又不对债权的实现构成不正当的妨害。但是,由于我国民事诉讼法在立法技术上存在缺陷,而司法解释又受到强势利益集团的影响,导致实践中对生存权与债权之间的关系在认识上有所偏差。为了改变这一状况,应当强化对生存权的保护,同时界定“生活所需的房屋”的范围,并建立相关的配套措施。
At the legal normative level, there is a three-tier structure that balances the right to subsistence with the claims in civil enforcement proceedings. This positive and negative checks and balances can not only guarantee the basic subsistence of the executors and their dependents, but also not unduly impair the realization of the claims. However, due to the defects of legislation and technology in civil procedural law of our country and the judicial interpretation being influenced by the powerful interest groups, the relationship between subsistence right and creditor’s rights in practice has a deviation in cognition. In order to change this situation, the protection of the right to subsistence should be strengthened while defining the scope of “housing required for life” and establishing relevant supporting measures.