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目的评价健康教育对儿童铅中毒的干预效果,为制定儿童铅中毒的防控措施提供依据。方法选取新疆汉族、维吾尔族血铅水平在100μg/L以上的学龄儿童204名进行有关铅中毒方面的知识、态度、信念、实践健康教育,干预的时间为5个月,随后再次填写KABP表并检测儿童血铅值。结果干预前铅中毒儿童家长对铅中毒防治知识的知晓率较低,90%家长在铅中毒防治态度方面持肯定态度;汉族、维吾尔族家长健康教育前后在铅中毒相关知识方面有比较明显的改善,血铅水平在健康教育前后变化很大,汉族儿童血铅平均水平下降40.40μg/L,维吾尔族儿童血铅平均水平下降61.00μg/L。健康教育前后变化具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论健康教育能有效降低轻、中度铅中毒儿童的血铅水平,可作为预防儿童铅中毒的常规手段之一。
Objective To evaluate the effects of health education on children’s lead poisoning and provide evidence for the prevention and control measures of children’s lead poisoning. Methods A total of 204 school-aged children with blood lead levels above 100 μg / L in Xinjiang Han and Uygur nationalities were enrolled in this study. Knowledge, attitude, beliefs and practice health education were conducted on the basis of lead poisoning. The intervention time was 5 months and then KABP was filled in again Detection of blood lead levels in children. Results The parents of pre-intervention children with lead poisoning had a low awareness rate of lead poisoning prevention knowledge, and 90% of parents were positive about lead poisoning prevention and control attitude. The health education of Han and Uygur parents had obvious improvement in knowledge of lead poisoning , Blood lead levels varied greatly before and after health education. The average level of blood lead decreased 40.40μg / L in Han children and 61.00μg / L in Uighur children. Health education before and after the change was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion Health education can effectively reduce blood lead levels in children with light and moderate lead poisoning and can be used as one of the conventional measures to prevent childhood lead poisoning.