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目的 研究眼镜蛇神经毒素 （ Ｃｏｂｒａ ｎｅｕｒｏｔｏｘｉｎ， Ｎ Ｔ） 的急性毒性和蓄积毒性。方法 测 Ｎ Ｔ 对小鼠的 Ｌ Ｄ５０ ； 对大鼠、狗的１ 次性最小中毒剂量和最大安全剂量； 计算 Ｎ Ｔ 在小鼠、狗体内的２４ｈ 蓄积率。结果 Ｎ Ｔ 经静注、肌注、腹腔、皮下 ４ 种途径给药对小鼠的 Ｌ Ｄ５０ 分别是 （１９５±９５） μｇ／ｋｇ、（１５６±８５） μｇ／ｋｇ、（１５１±１９） μｇ／ｋｇ、（１８４±８５） μｇ／ｋｇ， 对小鼠的最小致死剂量为９７５μｇ／ｋｇ。 Ｎ Ｔ 对大鼠、狗的１ 次性中毒剂量分别为５４μｇ／ｋｇ 和３４μｇ／ｋｇ。对小鼠、大鼠和狗的安全剂量分别为８１５μｇ／ｋｇ、４２μｇ／ｋｇ和３０μｇ／ｋｇ， 分别约为人临床用剂量 （７０μｇ／５０ｋｇ·ｄ－ １ ） 的５８２、３０ 和２１ 倍。 Ｎ Ｔ 在小鼠、狗体内的２４ｈ蓄积率分别为 ５７％ 和３０％ 以上。结论 Ｎ Ｔ 在使动物中毒的剂量下有广泛的安全范围； Ｎ Ｔ 在动物体内存在弱蓄积毒性。
Objective To study the acute toxicity and accumulative toxicity of Cobra neurotoxin (N T). Methods The L D50 of mice was measured by the method of N D, the one-time minimum toxic dose and the maximum safe dose to rats and dogs were calculated, and the storage rate of N T in mice and dogs was calculated. Results The L D50 of N T administered to mice by intravenous injection, intramuscular injection, intraperitoneal injection and subcutaneous injection were (195 ± 95) μg / kg, (156 ± 85) μg / kg, ± 19) μg / kg, (184 ± 85) μg / kg, the minimum lethal dose in mice was 975 μg / kg. N T on rats, dogs, one-time poisoning doses were 54μg / kg and 34μg / kg. The safe doses for mice, rats and dogs were 815μg / kg, 42μg / kg and 30μg / kg respectively, which were about 582,30 and 21 for human clinical dose (70μg / 50kg · d-1) Times In mice, the accumulation of NT in 24h was 57% and 30%, respectively. CONCLUSION N T has a wide range of safety at doses that will poison animals; N T has weak accumulative toxicity in animals.