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为揭示滇牡丹天然居群的表型变异程度和变异规律,利用31个形态学指标对9个滇牡丹(Paeonia delavayi)的天然居群进行表型多样性研究。结果表明,31个表型性状的变异系数(c.v.)为3.22%~76.12%,种群间的平均变异系数为25.24%,表明滇牡丹居群的表型性状离散程度较高。在研究的9个居群中,纳帕海居群(NPH)和梁王山居群(LWS)分别具有最大和最小的变异系数,其变异系数分别为31.03%和20.11%。滇牡丹表型性状在居群间和居群内存在着丰富的表型多样性,31个表型性状的平均表型分化系数为73.62%,群体间的变异是其表型变异的主要来源。利用居群间欧氏距离进行的UPGMA聚类分析结果表明,滇牡丹9个天然居群可以聚为3类,且表型性状没有严格依地理距离而聚类。基于滇牡丹的表型多样性及变异特征,应尽可能地保护较多的居群;从资源利用的角度则应尽量保护群体的完整性以保存其群体内所蕴藏的观赏性状。
To reveal the phenotypic variation and variation of natural populations of P. peony, 31 morphological indicators were used to study the phenotypic diversity of nine natural populations of Paeonia delavayi. The results showed that the coefficient of variation (c.v.) of 31 phenotypic traits ranged from 3.22% to 76.12%, and the average coefficient of variation among populations was 25.24%, indicating that the phenotypic traits of D. mongolica population were highly dispersed. Among the nine populations studied, NPH and LWS had the largest and the smallest coefficients of variation with coefficients of variation of 31.03% and 20.11%, respectively. The phenotypic traits of Peony had abundant phenotypic diversity among populations and populations. The average phenotypic differentiation coefficient of 31 phenotypic traits was 73.62%. The variation among populations was the main source of phenotypic variation. The results of UPGMA clustering analysis using Euclidean distance between populations showed that nine natural populations of D. mongolica can be clustered into three types, and phenotypic traits did not cluster strictly according to geographical distance. Based on the phenotypic diversity and variation characteristics of P. peony, more populations should be protected as much as possible. From the perspective of resource utilization, the integrity of the population should be protected to preserve the ornamental traits contained in its population.